1. What is "endism"?Endism is the theory that sees new technologies as replacing older ones. eg. When CD-Rom arrived, people predicted the demise of the printed book.TV (end of) Radio and Movies.TV News (end of) Newspapers
2. What is a "media ecosystem"?Where organisms such as broadcast and narrowcast tv, movies, radio etc. interact with one another make up the media ecosystem.
3. What is "narrowcast TV"?Specialist content is aimed at subscription-based audiences and distributed via digital channels so that it specialises in one specific content to appeal to a particular type of audience, eg. a channel dedicated to sport (Sky Sports 1)
4. Differences between the internet and the web...The web and interent aren't synonomous. The web is enormous but it is only one kind of traffic that runs on the internet's tracks and signalling. Alreaidy it's being overtaken by other traffic, eg. peer-to-peer networking traffic.
5a. What is "push medium"?A select band of producers (broadcasters) decide what content is to be created, create it and then push it down analogue or digital channels at audiences which are assumed to consist of essentially passive recipients, eg. Broadcast TV.
5b. What is "pull medium"?Nothing comes to you, choose it and click on it to pull it down on to your computer. You are in complete control and in charge, eg. the Web.
6. Positive aspects of blogging...New blogs are being created at a rate of about one per second. Blogging allows people to let their point of view and creativity be known to the world and share experiences or feelings with others. It allows people to make judgments about any topic and is a way in which people can take thier creativity and inject it into something worthwhile.
Monday, 31 March 2008
Friday, 28 March 2008
task
Production:Advances in digital technology mean that films can be shot straight onto a Hard Drive rather than using a reel of film. This is much cheaper (An average length feature film print costs around £700), also HDs are smaller so they cost less to transport, and can hold much more footage than rolls of film. This allows more creativity in shooting a film as the low cost enables experimentation. Digital tehnology has opened more opertunities in post production aswell. This means that colours, lighting etc can be edited. It also introduces the possibilty of CGI which enables imaginative scenes that would be impossible to shoot profilmically.
Distribution:The delivery of film reels to cinemas is a costly process and the use of digital technology would irradicate this, enabling cinemas to download the encrypted film directly. Also, digital technology has introduced DVDs, a more appealing non-linear way of experiencing a film. However, due to the publics increasing access to advanced technology, piracy is becoming more common, lowering cinema ticket sales because people are seeing the films before they are shown. Hollywood claims piracy has cost it $6bn (£3.2bn), digitising films means that copies are easily made and distributed illegally which is a big threat to the industry. By the time the Phantom Menace reached Asia for example, box office receipts were far lower than expected. Piracy was blamed because so many people had already seen it. The second film was given a simultaneous world wide cinema release as a result, probably a good idea as 10 million people went online to download it.
Exhibition:A projection of a 35mm film roll picks up any imperfection in the frames like dust or scratches, impairing the visual experiance whereas a projection of a film shot digitally gives a crystal clear picture, just as the director intended. Advances in technology have introduced home cinema systems to the general public. This could be a threat to cinemas as one of the last deterrences of viewing DVDs or pirated films was the idea of the "cinema experience" beating any alternative, as this high definition, big screen, high sound quality is being brought into peoples front rooms, they are less likely to pay for it elsewhere. However, digital projectors in cinemas will bring a wide range of new oppertunities as they will be able to project anything with a digital input- from a youtube video to multiplayer gaming, possibly turning the cinema into a universal entertainment centre
Forth estate
What is 'the Fourth Estate'?
1) The fourth estate is a name given to the press. The other three estates are courts, parliament and religion. It is thought that the fourth estate acts as a check on how people abuse the other three estates.Is new media technology responsible for the decline in newspapers?
2) During the 1970's, the only way of accessing on demand news was tele-text. This meant that everyone would want the newspaper to find out their local and national news. However since the 1990's the arrival of satellite tv, with 24 hr rolling news channels have made newspapers not so important to peoples lifestyles. So since the interent and tv has provided relatively free news for everyone, newspaper sales have been decreasing. So personally i would say that new media technology has been majorly responsible for the decline in newspapers.What does it mean "maybe the internet is already the cyberspace of the fourth estate"?
3) The fourth estate, as i said earlier, is the press. In someways the internet is now the main force in media technology, providing us with whatever we want when we want it. This means that although the internet has caused the decline in newspapers by providing faster, cheaper access to stories developing around the world, the origional purpose of the fourth estate can still be carried out by these new media technologies.
1) The fourth estate is a name given to the press. The other three estates are courts, parliament and religion. It is thought that the fourth estate acts as a check on how people abuse the other three estates.Is new media technology responsible for the decline in newspapers?
2) During the 1970's, the only way of accessing on demand news was tele-text. This meant that everyone would want the newspaper to find out their local and national news. However since the 1990's the arrival of satellite tv, with 24 hr rolling news channels have made newspapers not so important to peoples lifestyles. So since the interent and tv has provided relatively free news for everyone, newspaper sales have been decreasing. So personally i would say that new media technology has been majorly responsible for the decline in newspapers.What does it mean "maybe the internet is already the cyberspace of the fourth estate"?
3) The fourth estate, as i said earlier, is the press. In someways the internet is now the main force in media technology, providing us with whatever we want when we want it. This means that although the internet has caused the decline in newspapers by providing faster, cheaper access to stories developing around the world, the origional purpose of the fourth estate can still be carried out by these new media technologies.
Definitions
Digitality-The way in which software and programs are now formatted,using a serious of on/off electrical pulses and binary style code,with a make up of '0's and '1's. it is used in programming electrical appliances and computer formatting.
Interactivity-The way in which information is now compressed into smaller and fuller amounts of information so it can be transported and transfered more easily. Used in such electrical functions as television,cable television and sky,as well as ISDN modems for internet,with smaller compressed chunks it allows for information in a smaller bandwidth,more information in one feed.
Hypertextuality-This is the idea of having information and programs formatted in the linear form. the information isn't on one continuous long loop,its small snippets of information that can be seen and perceived in any order,such as chapters on a dvd,you can choose as and when where as on a standard VHS you hav to watch as a whole. this also applies for web linking,skipping chunks of information to access new ideas.
Dispersal-How the market is larger by using technology for both communication and purchasing/selling of goods.Virtuality-This is the concept of how new technologies allow whole new worlds and groups of people to expand ideas using new sources of media.
Convergents-This is the idea of how new media technologies are merging and converging there ideas. for example how phones are now able to access the internet,work as mp3 players and although have a camera.DVD players now have there own hard drives. the sizes that gadgets can now store and hold is becoming larger.Audience-this is who and how the new media technologies are being bought and advertised. It is said that you can reach world wide using the internet and share with all,but people form 3rd world countries wont have a computer or the internet so its not truly worldwide. Who actually has access,its not everybody,the media makes out everyone has it.
Regulation and Control-is there control over the new technologies such as copyright such as downloading illegal music and using proxy sites to avoid computer restrictions. by copying and sharing music the price of cds are allot cheaper to compete with the market.
Ownership-Does this make a difference is Microsoft or sony own the media technology,such as apple dominating the mp3 market. with the 3 new consoles on the market from 3 mainstream companies it means competition arises.
Personalisation-we can personalise our experience by specifiying how we use and view and/or listen to our NMT. for example iPods and iTunes allow us to choose specific songs and albums to put onto our iPod. also Sky+ enables us to choose and record programmes so we can watch what we want when we want.
Interactivity-this is when the new TV has interactive choices in which we can get up additional infomation.old tv has just 1-5 but with new sateliiete TV with just a touch of the red button we can go interactive and find out more.
Linear/Non-Linear-moving in a straight line frin start to finish like a movie in a cinema,u begin at the begining and cant stop and start it. this is linear.Non-linear is when we can stop and move to parts we want like chapters in a DVD.
Democratisation- blogging and expressing ideas,how we can can say what we like. makes everyone have an equal say. creation of our own tv schedule.
Digitalisation- long series of 0 and 1 can be rejumbled
Interactivity-The way in which information is now compressed into smaller and fuller amounts of information so it can be transported and transfered more easily. Used in such electrical functions as television,cable television and sky,as well as ISDN modems for internet,with smaller compressed chunks it allows for information in a smaller bandwidth,more information in one feed.
Hypertextuality-This is the idea of having information and programs formatted in the linear form. the information isn't on one continuous long loop,its small snippets of information that can be seen and perceived in any order,such as chapters on a dvd,you can choose as and when where as on a standard VHS you hav to watch as a whole. this also applies for web linking,skipping chunks of information to access new ideas.
Dispersal-How the market is larger by using technology for both communication and purchasing/selling of goods.Virtuality-This is the concept of how new technologies allow whole new worlds and groups of people to expand ideas using new sources of media.
Convergents-This is the idea of how new media technologies are merging and converging there ideas. for example how phones are now able to access the internet,work as mp3 players and although have a camera.DVD players now have there own hard drives. the sizes that gadgets can now store and hold is becoming larger.Audience-this is who and how the new media technologies are being bought and advertised. It is said that you can reach world wide using the internet and share with all,but people form 3rd world countries wont have a computer or the internet so its not truly worldwide. Who actually has access,its not everybody,the media makes out everyone has it.
Regulation and Control-is there control over the new technologies such as copyright such as downloading illegal music and using proxy sites to avoid computer restrictions. by copying and sharing music the price of cds are allot cheaper to compete with the market.
Ownership-Does this make a difference is Microsoft or sony own the media technology,such as apple dominating the mp3 market. with the 3 new consoles on the market from 3 mainstream companies it means competition arises.
Personalisation-we can personalise our experience by specifiying how we use and view and/or listen to our NMT. for example iPods and iTunes allow us to choose specific songs and albums to put onto our iPod. also Sky+ enables us to choose and record programmes so we can watch what we want when we want.
Interactivity-this is when the new TV has interactive choices in which we can get up additional infomation.old tv has just 1-5 but with new sateliiete TV with just a touch of the red button we can go interactive and find out more.
Linear/Non-Linear-moving in a straight line frin start to finish like a movie in a cinema,u begin at the begining and cant stop and start it. this is linear.Non-linear is when we can stop and move to parts we want like chapters in a DVD.
Democratisation- blogging and expressing ideas,how we can can say what we like. makes everyone have an equal say. creation of our own tv schedule.
Digitalisation- long series of 0 and 1 can be rejumbled
Thursday, 27 March 2008
regulatory bodies- The press
What is it???
The Press Complaints Commission is an independent body which deals with complaints from members of the public about the editorial content of newspapers and magazines.As well as dealing with complaints, the PCC deals with a substantial number of calls from members of the public about their service and about the Code.
TIMELINE-CANT FIND PAGE
CODES OF PRACTICE
Accuracy- The Press must take care not to publish inaccurate, misleading or distorted information, including pictures. if it is so it must be chganged as soon as posible. the papers must distinguish between fact and comment
Opportunity to reply-A fair opportunity for reply to inaccuracies must be given when reasonably called for.
Privacy-Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications. Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent. It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in private places without their consent.
Harassment-Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit. They must not persist in questioning, telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on their property when asked to leave and must not follow them.
Intrusion into grief or shock- In cases involving personal grief or shock, enquiries and approaches must be made with sympathy and discretion and publication handled sensitively. This should not restrict the right to report legal proceedings, such as inquests.When reporting suicide, care should be taken to avoid excessive detail about the method used.
Children-Young people should be free to complete their time at school without unnecessary intrusion. A child under 16 must not be interviewed or photographed on issues involving their own or another child’s welfare unless a custodial parent or similarly responsible adult consents. Pupils must not be approached or photographed at school without the permission of the school authorities.
Children in sex cases-The press must not, even if legally free to do so, identify children under 16 who are victims or witnesses in cases involving sex offences. In any press report of a case involving a sexual offence against a child.The child must not be identified.The adult may be identified. The word "incest" must not be used where a child victim might be identified. Care must be taken that nothing in the report implies the relationship between the accused and the child.
The Press Complaints Commission is an independent body which deals with complaints from members of the public about the editorial content of newspapers and magazines.As well as dealing with complaints, the PCC deals with a substantial number of calls from members of the public about their service and about the Code.
TIMELINE-CANT FIND PAGE
CODES OF PRACTICE
Accuracy- The Press must take care not to publish inaccurate, misleading or distorted information, including pictures. if it is so it must be chganged as soon as posible. the papers must distinguish between fact and comment
Opportunity to reply-A fair opportunity for reply to inaccuracies must be given when reasonably called for.
Privacy-Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications. Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent. It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in private places without their consent.
Harassment-Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit. They must not persist in questioning, telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on their property when asked to leave and must not follow them.
Intrusion into grief or shock- In cases involving personal grief or shock, enquiries and approaches must be made with sympathy and discretion and publication handled sensitively. This should not restrict the right to report legal proceedings, such as inquests.When reporting suicide, care should be taken to avoid excessive detail about the method used.
Children-Young people should be free to complete their time at school without unnecessary intrusion. A child under 16 must not be interviewed or photographed on issues involving their own or another child’s welfare unless a custodial parent or similarly responsible adult consents. Pupils must not be approached or photographed at school without the permission of the school authorities.
Children in sex cases-The press must not, even if legally free to do so, identify children under 16 who are victims or witnesses in cases involving sex offences. In any press report of a case involving a sexual offence against a child.The child must not be identified.The adult may be identified. The word "incest" must not be used where a child victim might be identified. Care must be taken that nothing in the report implies the relationship between the accused and the child.
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